TL;DR1.BlackRockandCoinbase’sPartnershipstrengthensapositiveinstitutionalattitude2.USmacrorecoverybutinflationispushingFedtobemoreaggressiveonraisinginterestrates3.BitcoinreturnisgrowingclosertoUSequitymarkets4.BitcoinreturnisstrictlynegativelycorrelatedwithUSinterestrates5.BitcoinreturnissensitivetoM0changesratherthanM1orM2intheUS1.ResearchBackground
1.1InstitutionalPreference
BlackRockInc.(NYSE:BLK)announceditspartnershipwithCoinbaseGlobalInc.(NASDAQ:COIN)onAugust4,2022,sendingCoinbasesharesrocketingthatday.Thispartnershipisastrongstimulusforthenegativecryptomarketsentiment,hammeredbyfallingpricesandgovernmentinvestigations.As,BlackRock,thelargestassetmanager,ismakingiteasierforinstitutionalinvestorstomanageandtradeBitcoin.TheannouncementfueledCoinbasesharestorocketforafewdaysandwaseventuallycalmedbyCoinbase'sQ2earnings.Nevertheless,thismoveisconsideredaleapinthecryptomarketasinstitutionalinvestorsarereachingin.'Thepactisaseismicshiftinthecryptoindustry.'saidLeahWald,CEOofValkyrieInvestments.TopBlackRockclientswillgainaccesstoBitcointhroughitsAladdininvestmentmanagementsystem,makingiteasiertomanagetheirexposurealongwiththeirstocksandbonds.Andthefocus'willinitiallybeonBitcoin',BlackRockmentioned.BlackRockisthelargestassetmanagerintheworld,with8.5trillionUSDundermanagementbyJune2022andthereareapproximately21trillionUSDworthoffinancialassetsmanagedonAladdin.AccordingtoCreditSuisse,thetotalwealthoftheworldby2020is418trillionUSD,andthetotalassetonAladdincountsfor5%ofit.1.2MacroRecovery
Gate.io即将开启Fear NFTs(FEAR)认购Startup项目:据官方公告,Gate.io将于5月18日12:00 至5月19日10:00开启Startup项目Fear NFTs(FEAR)认购通道,22小时内有效下单同等对待。用户锁仓后到5月19日12点之前,请务必保证现货交易账户中有不低于锁仓数额的DAO和足够的付款USDG金额,锁仓数额的DAO不足自动排除在有效订单之外,USDG不足的需要事后补足。每个实名用户仅参与锁仓一次。[2021/5/16 22:08:19]
TheUSeconomyadded528,000jobsinJuly,beatingestimatesby100%,andJunejobdataisupwardlyrevisedto398,000.ThebiggestpushinJulywasleisureandhospitality,particularlyinfoodserviceanddrinking.Andtheunemploymentratefellto3.5%whichisathistoricallowtyingthepre-pandemiclevel.Thisisastrongshowingofeconomicrecovery.However,theskyrocketinginflationisstillahugehurdlefortheFederalReservetocross.Standingonthishistoricalturningpointofeconomicuncertainty,itisveryimportanttoreviewwhathistoryhastaughtusandmoveforwardwiththenewforcesinthecryptoindustry.Inthisstudy,wewillexaminethehistoricalcorrelationsofBitcoinreturnsrelativetoothereconomicandmarketvariablestoshowthewaybeforeandhopetogainsomeinsightsintothepathahead.Standingonthishistoricalturningpointofeconomicuncertainty,itisveryimportanttoreviewwhathistoryhastaughtusandmoveforwardwiththenewforcesinthecryptoindustry.Inthisstudy,wewillexaminethehistoricalcorrelationsofBitcoinreturnsrelativetoothereconomicandmarketvariablestoshowthewaybeforeandhopetogainsomeinsightsintothepathahead.2.MethodofResearch&Data
Bitcoinmarketismoreofaglobalmarketratherthanaregionalone.Butinthisresearch,wearefocusingontheUSeconomyasastartingpointandwouldextendtoothereconomiesinthefuture.ThisresearchwilladoptmonthlydatafromJan.2015toJun.2022.WearepickingBitcoinmonthlyreturnsasitisabetterindicatorandeasiertocomparetoothervariables,especiallymacroeconomicvariablesinthisresearch.Correlationsbetweenallthevariableswillbecalculatedanddifferenttimeframeswillbeselectedtocalculatethecorrelationindifferenttimeframes,inanattempttoseechangesindifferentmarketconditions.ThefollowingUSmacroeconomicdataareselected:ItisimportanttostatethatanycorrelationfoundinthisresearchdoesNOTindicatecausation.Thecorrelationonlysuggeststhetendencyoftwovariablestomovetogether,andhowdeepthattendencyis.Causationrelationscanonlybeinferredthroughfurtherstudies.AlldatausedinthisresearchisfromtheSt.LouisFREDdatabase.3.SimpleCorrelationAnalysis
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3.1Methodology
Simplecorrelationanalysiswoulduseallthedatatocalculateonecorrelationcoefficientbetweenanytwovariables.Thisanalysisistogiveamacroviewoftherelationbetweenallthevariablesandservesasabenchmarkforthefollowinganalysis.3.2Correlations&Analysis
ThechartaboveshowsthesimplecorrelationcoefficientsbetweenBitcoinreturnsandothervariables.Therearethreeinterestingfactswefound:1.Althoughthecorrelationcoefficientsarelowingeneral,withahighof0.27andalowof-0.23,thecoefficientsarehigherincertainmarketreturnscategories.2.ThecorrelationbetweenBitcoinreturnsandinflationforallurbanconsumersisnear0,andthecorrelationwithinflationinfoodissignificantlyhigherat-0.23.ThisisagoodindicationthattheUSmoneysupplycausedinflation,andtheoversupplycoupledwithCovidencouragedalargenumberofindividualindicatorstopurchaseBTCduringtheCovidWFHperiod.3.Thecorrelationintheinterestratecategoryisallnegative,suggestingtheriskynatureofBitcoinreturns.ThiscouldbecausedbystronginterestmovesbytheFederalReservetocontrolinflation.4.CommoditymarketdoesnothaveanobviousrelationwithBitcoinreturns.4.AnnualCorrelationAnalysis
4.1Methodology
AnnualcorrelationanalysiswoulddivideeachvariableintodifferentnatureyearsandcalculatethecorrelationwithineachyeartofindaprogressionofrelationsbetweenBitcoinreturnsandothervariables.ThechangesincorrelationcoefficientswouldoffergoodinsightsintohowBitcoinreturnsprogressovertheyears.Wewouldalsocomparetheannualcorrelationwiththesimplecorrelationfromtheprevioussection.Andsincewearestillintheyear2022,wefurtherexaminedtheresultswithandwithoutdatafrom2022attheendofthesection.4.2Correlations&Analysis
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ThefigureaboveshowsthecorrelationevolutionbetweenBitcoinreturnsandmajormarketindexreturns.Asthefigureshows,thetrendvariesovertheyearsandisextremelyunstable.However,thecorrelationsareveryclosetoeachotheruntil2022.Thiscouldbeexplainedbythelackofdatain2022orthesignificantbearmarketorabadmacroeconomicenvironment.Whenwetakeacloselookatthisgraph,theupwardtrendisveryclear,especiallybefore2022.ThereisagrowingtiebetweenBitcoinreturnsandmajormarketindexes.Thereisanothercharacteristicofthisgraphwhencomparedtotheothers,isthatthelinesareverytighttogether.Thisiscausedbythehighcorrelationbetweenmarketindexes,around80%oftheequitymarketmovestogether.Thefigureaboveshowstheannualcorrelationbetweeninflationsandlabormarketstatistics.Somecleartrendscanbeobserved:1.ThecorrelationbetweeninflationandBitcoinreturnsisdroppingovertheyears,whiletheinflationinfoodandBitcoinreturnsareslowlygrowingties.ThismaysuggestthatBitcoinisgrowingawayfromitsdigitalgolddefinitionandbecomingmoreofariskyasset.2.ThecorrelationsbetweenBitcoinreturnsandlabormarketstatisticsareallrisingfrom2015to2021anddroppingsharplyin2022,especiallythecorrelationwiththeunemploymentrateofpeoplewithbachelor'sorhigherdegreesandagesover25.ThisfigureshowsthecorrelationtrendbetweenBitcoinreturnsandmoneysupply.Itisclearthatthecorrelationlevelsarerisingthrough2015and2021.Thecorrelationpeakedin2021andsoonturneddownin2022.Thedownturnin2022,couldbejustanadjustmentofanupwardtrend,likemanybefore.Oritissimplyduetothelackofdatain2022.ThistrendalsoshowsthatBitcoin'sbehaviorresemblesthatofariskyasset,withapositivecorrelationtomoneysupplies.Figure5showsthecorrelationbetweenBitcoinreturnsanddifferentinterestratelevels.SimilartoFigure2,thelinesareverytightandtrendinginthesamedownwarddirection.ThedownwardtrendofthefigureisveryclearandthisisinlinewithwhatwasfoundinpreviousfiguresthatBitcoinisbehavinglikeariskyassetratherthanarisklessone.Asimpleeconomicslessonhere.Whenthereistoomuchmoneyintheeconomy,theFederalReservewouldincreasetheinterestratetoreduceliquidity.Lessmoneyintheeconomywouldcauseriskyassets,likeequities,totank.Therefore,thecorrelationbetweentheequitymarketandinterestratelevelisnegative.WhenBitcoinisnegativelycorrelatedwithinterestratesandpositivelycorrelatedwiththeequitymarket,wecouldinferthatBitcoinisactinglikeariskyasset.4.3AnnualCorrelationSummary
Gate.io 已完成11月14日FIL代币转化分发,总量约1.3万枚:据官方公告,Gate.io今日(11月14日)已经根据用户FIL6持仓情况完成FIL分发,总计约1.3万枚,用户可在账户账单明细中查看详情。目前Gate.io已经支持Filecoin(FIL)现货交易,充值提现,杠杠交易,币币理财,永续合约交易,三倍ETF交易等全线系列产品和服务。详情点击原文链接。[2020/11/14 20:48:59]
Theannualcorrelationcoefficientssummaryisasfollows:Asthetableabovesummarizes,thereareverycleartrendsbetweenBitcoinreturnsandmostofthevariables.However,allthetrendsshiftedin2022.Asmentioned,thiscouldbeexplainedbythelackofdata,sincethereareonly6monthsofdatainthesample.OrthestrongBearmarketistoblamefortheshift.Ingeneral,BitcoinisbehavingclosetoariskyassetwithagrowingcorrelationwiththeUSequitymarket.5.Bull&BearCorrelationAnalysis
5.1Methodology
Inthismethod,wewouldtrytocutthedatabybullandbearmarketconditions,andcalculatethecorrelationbetweentheBitcoinreturnsandothervariablesineachmarketcondition.Inthismethod,wewouldliketoexploretheinteractionsindifferentmarketconditions.SincethedefinitionofBullorBearmarketconditionisnotstrictlydefined,thedivisionofdataissubjectivetoourdefinitionsandtheconclusionissubjecttopersonalview.Ourdefinitionisasfollows:Bullmarket:whentheBTCreturnsareingeneralpositiveandrising.Bearmarket:whentheBTCreturnsareingeneralnegativeanddecreasing.Figure6showsthemonthlyreturnsofBitcoinforthepastfewyears,andwewilldividetheBullandBearmarketasfollows:5.2CorrelationsandAnalysis
Accordingtoourbullandbearmarketdivision,thecorrelationbetweenBitcoinreturnsandmarketindexesishigherinbullmarketsandlowerinbearmarkets.ThisfindingsuggeststhatBitcoinreturnsaremoreinsyncwithstockmarketreturnsduringbullrunsandlessinpaceduringbearmarkets.TheCorrelationbetweenmoneysupplyandBitcoinreturnsisnotuniform,suggestingthemoneybaseismorecloselyrelatedtoBitcoinreturnsthanM1andM2duringdifferentmarketconditions.Figure9showstheevolutionofBitcoinasanasset.Duringthefirstbullmarket,thepositivecorrelationsuggestsBitcoinismorelikearisklessasset.However,asBitcoinevolvesoverthemarketcondition,itisgainingtheattributeofariskyasset,ratherthanarisklessone.Aswementionedatthebeginningofthissection,thedefinitionofbullandbearmarketsisnotstrict.Wemadeourdefinitionsandbasedouranalysisonthem.Theresultsinthissectionarenottobeinferredasinvestmentsuggestions.6.BTCReturnsVolatilityComparisonAnalysis
Gate.io将于今日14点开通AXIS/USDT交易服务:据官方公告,Gate.io首发投票上币第一期AXIS DeFi (AXIS)投票上币活动已结束,本次活动参与人数为2,387,共投出52,837,251票。票数超过1000万票,符合上币要求。Gate.io将于今日14:00开通AXIS/USDT交易,并随后开通提现服务。目前已为参与投票的用户空投代币。详情见原文链接。[2020/8/19]
6.1Methodology
Inthepreviousanalysis,wehaveestablishedthatBitcoinreturnsaregrowingmorepositivelycorrelatedwithmajorUSequitymarketindexes.Inthissection,wewillexplorethevolatilityofBitcoincomparedtotheUSequitymarketindexes.Wewillcalculatethestandarddeviationtoquantifyvolatilityforeachyear.Thehigherthestandarddeviationis,thegreaterthevolatilityis.6.2Volatility
Thefigureaboveshowsthevolatilitylevelsovertheyears.WecanclearlyseethatBitcoinvolatilitiesaresignificantlyhigherthanthatoftheequitymarkets.ThisisenoughtosaythatBitcoinisariskyassetwithhighvolatility.Anotherinterestingdiscoveryisthatequitymarketreturnsvolatilityisraisingfrom2017to2020,butBitcoinreturnsvolatilityisdropping.Combinedwiththegrowingcorrelation,thisisshowingsomelevelofconvergencebetweentheBitcoinmarketandthemajorUSequitymarket.7.Conclusion
Bitcoinandblockchaintechnology,withtheirgrowingimpactandtechnicalcapability,aregainingmoreandmoreattentionaroundtheworld,andBlackRockisjustthelatestofmany.Thisstudy,asmentionedinthebeginning,isasimplerecapofhowBitcoinhasevolvedintermsofrelationswiththemarketandeconomicvariablesovertheyears.Thereweremanyupsanddowns,andsowillthefuture.Whathasnotchangedisourfaithinthistechnologyanditsbrightfuture.Therearesomesimpleconclusionsthatwecandrawfromthisstudy:1.Bitcoinisgrowingmorecloselytoanequity-likeriskyassetwithahighpositivecorrelationwiththeequitymarketsandanegativecorrelationwithinterestrates.2.BitcoinreturnsaremoresensitivetomonetarybasechangesratherthanM1orM2.3.Bitcoinreturnsarenegativelycorrelatedtoinflationbutpositivelycorrelatedtoinflationinfood.4.Bitcoinreturnsaremorecloselyrelatedtoequitymarketsduringbullruns.5.BitcoinreturnsvolatilityissignificantlyhigherthanthatofthemajorUSequitymarketswhichmeansBitcoinisfarriskier.Disclaimer
*Thisarticlerepresentsonlytheviewsoftheobserversanddoesnotconstituteanyinvestmentsuggestions.*Gate.ioreservesallrightstothisarticle.RepostingofthearticlewillbepermittedprovidedGate.ioisreferenced.Inallothercases,legalactionwillbetakenduetocopyrightinfringement.GatewaytoCryptoTradeover1,400cryptocurrenciessafely,quicklyandeasilyonGate.ioSignuptoenterthecryptogatewayandget40%commissionfromreferralsDownloadiOS/AndroidApprightnow.Reachouttous!Twitter:https://twitter.com/gate_ioTelegram:https://t.me/gate_ioInstagram:https://www.instagram.com/gateioglobalMedium:https://medium.com/@gateioPodcast:https://gateio.buzzsprout.com/?ch=buzzsGate.ioTeamOctober20
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